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要約 目的:初診から2か月で再発性多発軟骨炎の診断に至り,硝子体混濁に対して硝子体切除術を施行し,術後視機能の改善を得られた1例を経験したので報告する。
症例:54歳,男性。3か月前から喘鳴と湿性咳嗽が出現していた。その後,両眼の霧視を自覚して前医を受診した。虹彩毛様体炎と診断され,点眼治療が開始されたものの改善に乏しく,当科に紹介となった。
所見:初診時視力は右0.2(0.6 × −1.50D()cyl−1.75D 115°),左1.2(i.d × +0.50D)であった。前眼部炎症は軽度であったが,両眼に硝子体混濁(右2+,左1+)を認めた。血液検査では全身炎症所見を認め,耳介軟骨炎,気管壁肥厚があり,初診から2か月で再発性多発軟骨炎と診断した。経過中に左眼の硝子体混濁は増悪(3+)を認め,診断的治療を目的として硝子体切除術を施行した。術直後より当院膠原病内科にてステロイド全身治療を開始した。術後2か月で左眼矯正視力は1.0に改善し,炎症の再燃は認められなかった。一方,非術眼である右眼は全身治療開始後2か月で矯正視力1.0に改善したものの,硝子体混濁は残存した。
結論:再発性多発軟骨炎に伴う硝子体混濁に対して,硝子体切除術が有効である可能性がある。
Abstract Purpose:To report a case of early-diagnosed relapsing polychondritis(RPC)that vitrectomy was performed for progressive vitreous opacity, resulting in significant postoperative improvement in visual function.
Observation:A 54-year-old man presented with wheezing and a wet cough for two months, followed by the onset of bilateral blurred vision one month later. On initial examination, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)was 0.6 in the right eye and 1.2 in the left eye. Mild anterior chamber inflammation and bilateral vitreous opacities(grade 2+ in the right eye, grade 1+ in the left eye)were observed. Blood tests revealed systemic inflammation, and imaging findings showed ear cartilage inflammation and tracheal wall thickening. Based on these findings, RPC was diagnosed two months after his initial presentation. During follow-up, the vitreous opacity in the left eye worsened to grade 3+, prompting a combined diagnostic and therapeutic vitrectomy. This procedure was accompanied by systemic steroid therapy initiated by the rheumatology department. Two months postoperatively, BCVA in the vitrectomized left eye improved to 1.0, with no recurrence of intraocular inflammation. In contrast, the right eye, which was managed with systemic therapy alone, showed improvement to a BCVA of 1.0 but continued to exhibit persistent vitreous opacity.
Conclusion:Vitrectomy may be an effective treatment option for patients with vitreous opacities associated with RPC, especially when systemic therapy alone does not provide adequate improvement.

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