新人レベル看護師の多重課題におけるセルフモニタリングの様相とその実効

Aspects and Effects of Advanced Beginner Nurses' Self-Monitoring While Multitasking

要旨

　目的：新人レベル看護師の多重課題におけるセルフモニタリングの様相とその実効を明らかにする．

　方法：2年目看護師14名を施設別に4〜5名の3グループに分け，多重課題におけるセルフモニタリングについてフォーカスグループインタビューを実施した．データは質的記述的に分析した．

　結果：セルフモニタリングの様相は，【直面している状況を把握する】【多角的な視点で自分を見通す】【状況に呼応した具体策を絞り込む】【予測性をもって計画する】【自分に関わる周囲の状況に留意する】で構成された．実効は，《スムーズな多重課題の遂行》《能動的な業務の組み立て》《発展を見据えた振り返り》《実践と学習をつなげる》で構成された．

　結論：新人レベル看護師の多重課題の実践力向上には，多重課題の経験を積み重ねながら他者と省察することで自己理解を促し，セルフモニタリングの機能を高めることが有用である．

　Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the aspects and effects of self-monitoring required by advanced beginner nurses to perform multitasking. Thus, obtaining suggestions for nurses to enable them to multitask is possible.

　Method: Participants comprised 14 second-year nurses, who were divided into three groups of four to five members by hospital. Focus group interviews were used to collect data on selfmonitoring while multitasking. The interviews were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively.

　Results: Ninety codes, 25 subcategories, and five categories were extracted as aspects of selfmonitoring while multitasking. These categories included "analyzing issues and situations," "seeing oneself from multiple perspectives, " "narrowing down concrete measures according to the situation," "planning with predictability," and "being aware of the surrounding situation related to oneself." Twenty-seven codes, 10 subcategories, and four categories, namely, "smooth execution of multitasking," "active organization of work," "reflection with a view toward development," and "connecting practice and learning, " were extracted as effective in self-monitoring while multitasking.

　Discussion: The study suggested that advanced beginner nurses used various types of selfmonitoring to analyze themselves and the people around them from multiple perspectives and switched their attention according to the context while dealing with multiple tasks. To improve advanced beginner nurses' ability to multitask, it is useful to promote self-understanding and enhance self-monitoring by providing opportunities for reflection with others while accumulating experience in multitasking.