看護基礎教育における教育プログラムに必要な政策コンピテンシー—デルファイ法を用いた調査結果から

Political Competencies Necessary for Education Programs in Prelicensure Nursing Education: Survey Results Using the Delphi Technique

要旨

　目的：看護基礎教育において育成すべき政策コンピテンシーの優先順位を明らかにする．

　方法：Webサーベイ・モンキーを用いたデルファイ法により，284大学で看護管理学や看護政策論等の科目を担当する教員を対象に，3回調査を行った．政策コンピテンシー8分類77項目について，看護基礎教育で修得する優先順位を7件法で尋ねた．

　結果：35人からの回答があった．「社会の問題に関心をもつ」，「看護に関する法律を知る」「社会の変化に照らして医療の変化，患者の意識の変化に気付く」「問題意識を持ち考え続ける」「自分の発言・行動を振り返る」の優先順位が最も高かった．一方，経済学の知識，政治学の知識を持つこと等の優先順位は低かった．

　結論：優先順位の高かった，これら政策的思考ができるための基礎となる知識，認識，態度に関するものを基本的な政策コンピテンシーとして看護系大学で教授する体制を整えていくことの重要性が示唆された．

　Objectives: To clarify the priorities among political competencies to be fostered in nursing students during Prelicensure Nursing Education.

　Method: Web surveys(through SurveyMonkey) using the Delphi technique were conducted three times to faculty members teaching nursing administration or nursing policy courses at 284 universities. Participants were instructed to answer 77 items across eight categories regarding policy competencies in terms of their priorities in learning during Prelicensure Nursing Education by seven-point scale.

　Results: 35 responded to all three survey. The highest priorities were "have a keen interest in social issues," "learn laws related to nursing practice," "notice changes in medical care and patient awareness with reference to changes in society," "keep relevant issues in mind and ponder for the solution," and "be mindful and reflect on one's own speech and behavior." On the other hand, priority was low on having knowledge of economics, knowledge of political science, etc.

　Conclusion: This study's results highlight the significance of establishing an education system of basic political competencies with high priorities regarding knowledge, awareness, and attitudes that lay the foundation for political thinking in students at nursing colleges.