急性期病院のキャリア中期看護師のキャリア・プラトー化に関連する要因およびキャリア・プラトー化とキャリア・コミットメントの関連

Factors Related to the Career Plateauing of Mid-Career Nurses Working in Acute Care Hospitals and the Relationship Between Career Plateauing and Career Commitment

要旨

　目的：急性期病院に勤務するキャリア中期看護師のキャリア・プラトー化に関連する要因，キャリア・プラトー化とキャリア・コミットメントの関連を明らかにする．

　方法：首都圏14病院のキャリア中期看護師1,220名を対象に質問紙調査を行い，429名を分析対象とし，統計的に分析を行った．

　結果：重回帰分析の結果，階層プラトー化は上司の関わりが多いこと，昇進基準があることなどと負の関連があり，内容プラトー化は同僚の関わりが多いこと，影響を与えている人がいることなどと負の関連があった．内容プラトー化はキャリア・コミットメントに影響を及ぼしていた．

　結論：看護師のキャリア・コミットメントを高めるために，内容プラトー化の抑制が重要であることが示唆された．プラトー化の抑制には昇進基準の明確化やキャリアプランの意識化，上司の関わりとして同僚同士が刺激し合える職場環境づくりも含めた支援の重要性が示唆された．

　Objective: To clarify the factors associated with the career plateauing of mid-career nurses working in acute care hospitals and the relationship between career plateauing and career commitment.

　Methods: A questionnaire survey was distributed to 1,220 mid-career nurses at 14 hospitals located at the Tokyo metropolitan area with more than 400 beds; 429 responses were statistically analyzed.

　Results: Multiple regression analysis indicated that the hierarchical plateauing was significantly lower when nurses perceived that their organization had clear promotion criteria and their supervisors interacted well with them. Furthermore, content plateauing was significantly lower when the nurses had certain career goals and opportunities to interact with colleagues and was significantly associated with career commitment.

　Conclusion: The results suggest that reducing nurses' content career plateauing is essential to increase their career commitment. Furthermore, suggestions to reduce the plateauing include increasing the awareness of career plans, clarifying promotion criteria, and strengthening supervisors' roles in creating a workplace environment where colleagues can motivate each other.