入学直後の看護学生が関心を寄せる場面とその気づき

Situations That Interest New Nursing Students and What Was Realized from Them

要旨

　本研究の目的は、入学直後の看護学生がどのような場面に関心を寄せるのか、また、そこからどのような気づきを得たのかを明らかにすることである。看護学生と一般大学生の1年生を対象に調査した。難病患者を家族が自宅で介護するビデオを視聴させ、関心場面、場面からの気づき、全体から感じたことについての記述内容を質的に分析した。

　1）学生が記述した関心場面から抽出されたカテゴリーは、【家族が実施する介護】、【家族の団欒】、【難病患者の症状】、【介護を受ける患者】、【患者のできること】であった。

　2）関心場面からの気づきとして抽出されたカテゴリーは、【介護の大変さと上手さ】、【感謝の表現】、【家族への支援の必要性】、【難病患者であることの苦痛】、【在宅介護の良さ】などであった。

　3）全体から感じたこととして抽出されたカテゴリーは、【家族へのサポートシステムの重要性】、【闘病する患者と家族への尊敬】などであり、【家族との生活の重要性】、【在宅介護の実態に対する驚き】のカテゴリーは看護学生のみが記述していた。

　以上から、入学直後の看護学生が介護場面を通して関心を寄せる場面と気づきの内容は、一般学生と同様であった。しかし、家族との生活の重要性および在宅介護の実態に対する驚きは、看護学生だけが感じた内容であった。援助の必要性に至る前の重要な気づきを看護を行う際の判断に繋げていく教育方法の必要性が示唆された。

Abstract

　This study aims to reveal situations that nursing students take an interest immediately after entering college, and what they realize from them. The subjects were first-year nursing students and general college students. The students watched a video of care at home for patients with intractable disease, and were asked to describe scenes that caught their interest, what they noticed from the scenes, and what they felt about the entire video. The description contents were qualitatively analyzed.

　1)The categories extracted from their interesting scenes were: [care given by family members], [talking in a happy family circle], [symptoms of patients with intractable disease], [patients receiving care], and [what patients can do].

　2)The categories extracted as what the students noticed from their interesting scenes were: [difficulties in and skills of care], [expressions of thanks], [necessity for support for the family], [distress of being a patient with intractable disease], and [value of care at home].

　3)The categories extracted from what the students felt about the entire video were: [importance of the support system for the family] and [respect for patients fighting against the disease and their families]. Only the nursing students described [importance of life with the family] and [surprise at the present status of care at home].

　Thus, the contents of what the students took interest in and noticed from care scenes were similar between the nursing students immediately after admission to school and the general college students. However, only the nursing students felt the importance of life with the family and surprise at the present status of care at home. These results suggested the necessity for educational methods that connect important notice before becoming aware of necessity for support to decision-making in nursing practice.