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Reconsideration of the Margin Width for the Excision of Malignant Melanoma Kazufumi Koga 1 , Masaki Fujioka 1 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, NHO Nagasaki Medical Center pp.145-152
Published Date 2025/2/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.18916/keisei.2025020007
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 Major type of malignant melanoma in Caucasians is different from type in Japanese. However, almost all of the existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on which the guidelines are based on Caucasians. Malignant melanoma is characterized by lymphatic metastasis. Skin metastasis occurs in a skip pattern along the lymphatic vessels (satellite lesions; <2cm from tumor margin, in-transit metastasis: ≥2cm from the tumor margin). Melanocytes with genetic abnormalities (called ‘field cells’) exist in the normal skin adjacent to melanoma. The field cells are pathologically difficult to distinguish from normal melanocytes. Even in case in which the margins are pathologically confirmed as negative, local recurrence can occur in field cells. The margin for the resection of malignant melanoma should thus be set considering satellite lesions, in-transit metastasis, and field cells.

 There is no consensus regarding vertical resection margins. Amputation of the fingers and toes had been the standard procedure for subungual melanoma (nail melanoma), but prospective clinical research in Japan may be able to identify methods of preserving fingers and toes in the surgical treatment of subungual melanoma.

 If lymphatic metastasis and field cells cannot be completely resected by surgery, it may be better to perform minimal surgical resection, and to monitor each patient's progress carefully for a sufficient duration after surgery.


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電子版ISSN 印刷版ISSN 0021-5228 克誠堂出版

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