介護保険施設におけるシーティングに対する職員の認識

Seating Practices and Staff Perceptions at Long-term Care Insurance Facilities

抄録

　施設でのシーティングの普及に向けて，シーティングを実践している介護保険施設に勤務する看護職，介護職および理学・作業療法士，各1人ずつを対象に，シーティングに対する認識を明らかにした．

　介護老人福祉施設4施設，介護老人保健施設3施設の計7施設から協力を得た．施設がシーティングを始めたきっかけは，姿勢の傾き，褥瘡，身体拘束をしたくない，拘縮により座位が困難などであった．対象者が認識しているシーティングの効果は，高齢者への効果，職員への効果，家族・施設運営への効果に分類され，高齢者への効果として姿勢の傾きが改善されたことや褥瘡の減少などを挙げていた．

　シーティングを実践している施設では，不自然な座位姿勢によって生じる高齢者への影響に危機感をもっており，理学・作業療法士が中心となってシーティングを推進していた．また，高齢者だけでなく職員にとってもシーティングは効果があると実感していた．

　We clarified the state of seating practices and perception among nurses, caregivers, and physical or occupational therapists working at long-term care insurance facilities that practice seating in pursuit of spreading seating practices.

　We obtained the cooperation of four special nursing homes for the elderly and three health care facilities for the elderly (a total of seven facilities). The facilities implemented seating practices as a result of issues including postural problems, pressure sores, unwillingness to be physically restrained, and difficulty sitting due to contracture. The effects of seating were classified into changes in elderly people, changes in staff, and changes in families and facility operation. Changes in elderly people that were described included improvements in postural problems and a reduction in pressure sores.

　At facilities that practiced seating, staff felt the potential danger of the effects on elderly people arising from unnatural sitting postures, and physical or occupational therapists took the lead in promoting seating. Staff also felt that seating had an effect on staff as well as elderly people.