細菌汚染減少に効果的な洗髪技術の検討

A Study of Effective Shampoo Technique to Decrease Bacterial Contamination

要旨

目的：臥床状態で負担が少なく細菌汚染を除去できる洗髪技術を考案しその効果を検証する．

方法：湯量（5L・10L），湯の流し方（手掌を椀状にして溜め湯をつくり揺らしながら流す・頭髪に指を通して流す）を組み合わせた4つの洗髪方法で健康成人各5名に実施し，洗髪前後の頭髪および頭皮の細菌数（ブドウ球菌），トリグリセライド（TG）量，主観的評価を調査し，実施前を基準として変化率を算出した．

結果：細菌数は，頭髪では10Lで溜め湯の中で頭髪を揺らして流す方法で0.34±0.05と減少した（p < 0.05）．頭皮は全方法で1未満となったが湯量が多い方がより減少した（p < 0.05）．TG量は，頭髪も頭皮も湯の流し方に関らず湯量が10Lの方が減少した．主観的評価に有意差はなかったが，溜め湯をつくって流す方法で爽快感が高い傾向がみられた．

結論：10Lの多めの温湯で，手掌を椀状にして溜め湯をつくり頭髪を揺らして流す方法が細菌汚染を効果的に減少させる．

Purpose: To devise and verify the effective shampoo technique to decrease bacterial contamination and causes little stress in the recumbent state.

Methods: We set up four different conditions which vary in hot water quantity (5/10 L) and the way of rinsing (cupping one's hands to hold hot water and then gently shake hair in it/brushing hair with fingers in hot water). We then divided twenty healthy adults into four groups, so that five participants were tested under each of the four different conditions. Hair and scalp bacterial counts (Staphylococcus) and triglyceride (TG) levels were investigated before and after hair washing. The rate of change was calculated using before hair washing “1” as a reference.

Results: Bacterial counts decreased by 0.34 ± 0.05 when 10 L of hot water was used and the hair was gently shaken (p < 0.05). While the scalp bacterial counts decreased to below 1 for all methods, a greater decrease was seen when a larger quantity of hot water was used (p < 0.05). TG level decreased in both the hair and scalp when 10 L of hot water was used, regardless of how the hands were used. Although no significant differences were observed for subjective evaluation, rinsing after cupping the hands to hold the water tended to cause the participants to feel highly refreshed.

Conclusions: Using a large amount (10L) of hot water and cupping the hands to hold the water to rinse the hair while gently shaking it is an effective method of hair washing to eliminate bacterial contamination.