看護学研究における倫理的環境整備に向けた実態調査（第2報）—若手研究者の研究倫理審査ならびに利益相反と被験者補償の現状

A Survey of Ethics Review Boards in Nursing Research Part 2: The Current State of Ethics Review for Young Researchers, Conflicts of Interest, and Compensation of Subjects in Nursing Research

要旨

　目的：看護系大学の若手研究者における研究倫理審査の実態，看護研究における利益相反と介入研究の被験者補償に関する実態を明らかにする．

　対象と方法：全国の看護系大学の責任者に，無記名自記式調査票を郵送した．回答者は，責任者が推薦した看護学研究倫理審査に精通した専任教員1名とした．

　結果：回答のあった89校のうち，倫理審査委員会が未設置だった2校を除く87校を分析対象とした．若手研究者の年間研究倫理申請件数は，平均21.9件（SD＝38）で，その支援体制は博士課程をもつ大学と倫理委員会が学際的な委員で構成されている大学で充実していた．利益相反規程をもつ大学は，国立大学，博士課程を有する大学，学際的なメンバーで構成されている研究倫理審査委員会のある大学で，介入研究の被験者補償は，博士課程をもつ大学にのみ認められた．

　結論：若手研究者の研究倫理上の課題は，個人の研究背景と現在の研究環境に強く影響を受けているため，組織による支援と，個別的な学習機会を提供する必要がある．利益相反，介入研究の被験者補償も大学の研究環境で異なり，看護系大学が早急に取り組むべき重要課題であることが示唆された．

　Purpose: To clarify the current state of ethics review for young researchers, conflicts of interest, and compensation of subjects in nursing research.

　Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed by postal mail to each chairperson of a nursing program with a bachelor course at a university in Japan. Each chairperson chose a respondent who was knowledgeable and experienced in ethics review for nursing research.

　Results: Out of 89 schools of nursing that responded to the questionnaire, two schools did not have an ethics review board; therefore, data from 87 schools were analyzed. The mean number of ethics reviews conducted for young researchers was 21.9 (SD=38). A support system for young researchers had been developed only in universities with a doctoral program and an interdisciplinary ethics review board. A management policy for conflicts of interest existed only at national universities and universities with a doctoral course and an interdisciplinary ethics review board. Compensation of subjects for participation in research was only carried out in universities with a doctoral program.

　Conclusion: As the issues related to the research ethics of young researchers depend on the individual researcher's background and research environment, it is necessary to provide opportunities for researchers to study independently. Compensation of subjects in nursing research and conflicts of interest depend on the research environment at each university. Therefore, these issues should be improved immediately at all nursing universities in Japan.