看護師の職業的アイデンティティ尺度（PISN）の開発

Development of the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses (PISN)

要旨

　本研究の目的は，看護師の職業的アイデンティティを測定する尺度(Professional Identity Scale for Nurses：以下PISN)を作成し，その信頼性と妥当性を検討することである．PISNはErikson E.H.のアイデンティティの概念をもとに「斉一性」「連続性」「自己信頼」「自尊感情」「適応感」の5つを下位概念とする22項目から作成した．調査はA県内に勤務する看護師252名を対象として行った．PISNの回答形式は5段階評定とし得点化した．その結果，Cronbachのαは0.84，主因子分析では20項目が第1因子に所属し，尺度の信頼性と一次元性が確認された．また既存の尺度であるRasmussenの自己同一性尺度，Self-Esteem Scale，適応度意識とは有意に正の相関が確認された．対象者の背景では，役職にあるものがないものよりPISN得点が高い傾向にあり，職業的アイデンティティに関する先行研究と同様の傾向を示した．これらのことからPISNの内容妥当性が一部確認された．

Abstract

　This paper introduces a scale to measure the degree of identity formation among professional nurses, and also tests the scale's reliability and validity.

　The Professional Identity Scale for Nurses (hereafter PISN)consists of 22measured variables divided into 5categories―sameness, consistency, self-confidence, self-esteem and adaptability―derived from Erikson's concept of Identity.

　The reliability and validity of PISN were tested with a sampling study；questionnaire forms were sent to 252registered nurses working in the same prefecture, and replies were classified into 5ranks and scored.

　Cronbach's αindicated 0.84, and 20items were shown to belong to the first factor.

　Those consequences not only indicate the reliability and unidimensionality of PISN, but also show that it has significant positive correlation with some earlier scales such as Rasmussen's Identity Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Adaptation Sense Degree.