運動学習過程における脳血流動態およびグラフ理論を用いた脳内ネットワークの変化から運動課題介入期間の検討

Examination of the period for exercise task intervention based on changes in cerebral blood flow dynamics and the brain network using graph theory during the motor learning process

要旨：脳機能とパフォーマンスとの関係性の解明は，脳機能の視点から運動課題介入期間を検討する基礎的資料の提示につながる．そこで健常者18名を対象とし，運動学習進行過程の前頭前野と運動感覚関連領域を近赤外線分光法にて測定し，脳血流動態および脳内ネットワークとパフォーマンスの関係性を検討した．その結果，運動学習の進行とともに前頭前野の脳賦活時間が漸減し，また，脳内ネットワーク効率が上昇した．さらに，パフォーマンス上達後，一部前頭前野の再賦活および脳内ネットワーク効率が低下した．本結果から，更なるパフォーマンス上達に向け，脳機能は変化し続ける可能性があり，同一運動課題の継続実施もまた，一手段と考えられた．

　Elucidating the relationship between brain function and performance leads to the presentation of basic data for examining the motor task intervention period from the viewpoint of brain function. Therefore, we examined the relationships among cerebral blood flow dynamics, the brain network, and performance by measuring activity in the prefrontal and sensory-motor cortices during motor learning in 18 healthy subjects. Consequently, activation of the prefrontal cortex decreased while brain network efficiency increased as motor learning progressed. In contrast, when motor learning plateaued some areas of the prefrontal cortex were reactivated, and brain network efficiency decreased. Continuous change of brain function and continually performing the same exercise task may also be a means of improving performance.