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要旨:本研究は,身体障害を有する地域在住高齢者の作業的挑戦の特性をクラス分類し,作業参加,抑うつ,人格特性との関連性を検証した.データ収集は,調査用紙を用いて対象者から回答を得た.分析は,記述統計量の算出,潜在クラス分析,多項ロジスティック回帰分析を実施した.結果,作業的挑戦には,肯定的な作業的挑戦,危うい作業的挑戦,否定的な作業的挑戦の3つの特性があることがわかった.そして,肯定的な作業的挑戦に影響を与える因子には,生産的活動やセルフ・ケアへの作業参加,抑うつの身体症状やポジティブ感情,協調性や勤勉性の人格特性があった.本研究により,作業的挑戦への介入のための解釈可能性が広がると考えられる.
This study uses a latent class analysis to identify occupational challenges among the elderly living in the community and the relationship among occupational participation, depression and personality characteristics. The data collected was analyzed using latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Three types of occupational challenges for the elderly emerged from the analysis:positive occupational challenge, unstable occupational challenge, and negative occupational challenge. The positive occupational challenge was affected by the degree productivity, self-care of occupational participation, the degree somatic symptoms, positive emotions, and the degree of agreeableness and conscientiousness. This study will contribute to occupational therapy interventions for the elderly living in the community.
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