活動日記を用いた集団プログラムが地域在住高齢者の作業に対する満足度に与える効果—ランダム化比較試験

The effects of a group program using the Activity Diary for satisfaction with occupations of community-dwelling elderly: A randomized controlled trial

要旨：地域在住高齢者の健康や幸福を促進する作業に焦点を当てた集団プログラムの開発が進められている．本研究では新たに開発された活動日記を用いた集団プログラムの効果を，ランダム化比較試験によって検証した．対象者は地域在住高齢者125名であった．実験群には計4回の集団セッションが実施され，活動日記を毎日記入することが依頼された．対照群に介入は行われなかった．その結果，実験群の作業に対する満足度，生きがい感，生活満足度の変化量は，対照群よりも有意に高く，効果量は中程度であった（p＜.001，r＝0.33〜0.38）．本プログラムは，地域在住高齢者の作業に対する満足度，生きがい感，生活満足度の向上に寄与することが示された．

　The occupation-focused group programs for health and well-being promotion of community-dwelling elderly in occupational therapy have been developing. This study aimed to verify the effects of a group program using the Activity Diary for satisfaction with occupation, the feeling of Ikigai, and life satisfaction among community-dwelling elderly. The participants of the program were 125 community-dwelling elderly over 65 years old. Sixty-two participants who were allocated to the intervention group attended four sessions of 120 minutes weekly and wrote in the Activity Diary daily during the program period. Sixty-three participants were allocated to a non-intervention control group. The primary outcome was the Activity and Daily Life Satisfaction Scale (ADLSS) to measure satisfaction with occupations. The secondary outcomes were K-I Scale for the Feeling that Life is Worth Living among the Aged (K-I Scale) to measure the feeling of Ikigai, and Life Satisfaction Index-Z (LSI-Z) to measure life satisfaction. There was a follow-up period of one and a half months. The percentage of participation was 99.2%. The scores of the intervention group improved significantly more than the control group for the ADLSS, K-I scale and LSI-Z (p<.001). The effect sizes r for each outcome were medium (r＝0.33-0.38). The program can contribute to enhanced satisfaction with occupation, the feeling of Ikigai, and life satisfaction for community-dwelling elderly.