日本における精神障害者に対する偏見の文献検討

Prejudice towards people with mental disabilities in Japan: A review

要旨：本稿の目的は，我が国における精神障害（者）に対する偏見について，偏見が弱い人の属性や偏見を低減する効果的な介入を検討するために現段階で信頼性の高い一定の知見を得ることである．医中誌WebとCitation Information by NII（CiNii），J-Dream Ⅲで文献検索し，検索範囲は2002年1月1日から2017年10月13日とした．検索の結果，1,906編中13編が分析対象となり，その結果，偏見が弱い人の属性は，精神障害者との接触があることと知識があることの2点である可能性が示唆された．精神障害者に対する偏見を低減するための効果的な介入は，精神障害者と『共に作業』することと，普及啓発活動だと考えられる．

　Prejudice towards people with mental disabilities is a known obstacle for individuals with mental disabilities living in the larger society. This study reviewed these prejudices towards people with mental disabilities. It aimed to obtain reliable knowledge to develop effective interventions and understand the characteristics of a person with fewer prejudices. Additionally, this review analyzed the kind of interventions that can reduce prejudice. We used iCHUSHi, Citation Information by National institute of informatics and J-Dream Ⅲ (Japanese databases) to gather data between 1st January 2002 and 13th October 2017. The literature review during this period identified 13 original articles as subjects for analysis out of 1,906 related articles. The findings of the analysis suggested that the factors influencing a person to be less prejudiced are experience of interacting with persons with disabilities and knowledge about mental disabilities. Doing things with people with mental disabilities and increasing awareness about mental disabilities through educational activities can reduce prejudice towards them.