ライフヒストリーカルテの導入が医療介護職員の患者・利用者理解度に与えた影響

The effects of the Life History Chart on the degree of understanding for geriatric patients among medical and care staff

要旨：本研究の目的は，筆者らが開発したライフヒストリーカルテ（以下，LC）の導入による病院・施設職員（以下，スタッフ）の患者・利用者に関する理解度への影響を明らかにすることと，LCの利点と活用法を具体的に示すことである．患者・利用者に関する医療・介護者の理解尺度をLC導入前と導入1年後に実施し，さらに，スタッフにLCの利点と有用な活用法を自由記述してもらった．LCの導入による医療・介護者の患者理解度の改善はみられなかったが，「食思不振改善のヒントになった」などの自由記述から，多くの利点が明らかになった．

　This study aimed to show the advantages of the Life History Chart (LC) for the staff and patients at Sanatorium Ward Hospital and Geriatric Health Services Facility. The staff were administered a questionnaire to determine the degree to which they understood geriatric patients and the advantages of the LC. Free description responses for each question were grouped into subcategories. The results showed no significant change in the degree in which they understood geriatric patients compared with before introduction to the LC. However, analysis of free description text found subcategories such as “change of awareness in the caregiver” and “simple and easy grasping of life history” to be important to the caregiver. Subcategories such as “utilization in practical care” were found to be important for patients. As the study indicated merits of the LC, it is necessary to instruct the staff how to implement LC.