精神障害者における社会生活安定のための要因—退院者と非退院者の比較から

Factors allowing mentally disordered people to lead stable lives in society:A comparison between patients discharged from hospitals and those who were still hospitalized

要旨：精神障害者が安定した社会生活を送るための要因を明らかにするため，退院後の生活技能の獲得を目的とした生活訓練場面での行動をもとに検討した．その結果，患者は自ら対人交流を最小限に抑え，周囲からの影響を受けないようにするという方法で症状の変動をなくし，生活技能を向上させていた．このような適応の方法は自らが安定するために決定した手段であると考えられた．従って，社会復帰援助場面において，患者の持つ「自分の世界」を保障し，援助することの重要性が示唆された．

　The factors that allow mentally disabled people to lead stable lives in society were investigated based on behavior at the scene of training aimed at helping patients acquire the ability to lead a normal life after leaving the hospital, or livelihood training. Patients could reduce emotional fluctuations caused by mental disorder and improve their ability to live in society by minimizing interpersonal exchanges voluntarily and preventing themselves from being influenced by others. Such a method for adaptation to society was considered to be the usual means for stabilizing themselves. This result indicates the importance of securing each patient's "own world" and helping them in a therapeutic setting.