障がいを有する子どもの母親—心理状態とその要因

Disabled children's mothers : Psychological conditions and their factors

要旨：本研究の目的は，障がい児の母親の心理状態とその要因を明らかにし，作業療法における課題を探ることにある．方法は，障がい児の母親64名に対し属性調査，不安尺度の実施，母親4名に対する面接とした．その結果，心理状態として母親には特性不安と状態不安が認められ，障がい児の状態，家族や専門職者からの協力が影響することが明確となった．作業療法の課題として，作業療法士が障がい児の早期発見の場に出向き早期治療に繋げる，家族には障がい児の説明を行う，集団治療により母親同士の協力の一助とする，社会資源の内容と利用方法の熟知，そして，あらゆる専門職者との連絡網を持つことの必要性が挙げられた．

　The purpose of this study is to identify roles for occupational therapy knowledge through clarifying disabled children's mothers' psychological conditions and related factors. Method: Attribute examinations, the Manifest Anxiety Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered to 64 mothers of disabled children. Four mothers were interviewed. Results: State-anxiety was higher than trait-anxiety of mothers' psychological condition and identified influencing factors were the disabled child's condition, family and collaboration with professionals. As for roles for occupational therapy, the results suggest that occupational therapists start treatment as soon as possible in case of early discovery, provide explanations about the disabled child to the family, and that mothers' participation in group therapy is helpful. Finally, a need was identified for detailed knowledge of social resources and their utilization, and liaison between professionals.