APDL課題の慣れの有無における遂行能力差と年齢の影響

The effects of familiarity of task and age difference on functional performance

要旨：本研究では，対象者自身が選択したAPDL課題を遂行する時に，課題の慣れの有無が遂行能力にどの程度影響を及ぼすのか，また年齢による能力差はあるのかについて比較検討を行った．能力測定には，Assessment of Motorand Process Skillsを用いた．結果，年齢にかかわらず，慣れている課題の方が有意に能力が高いことが示された．また，プロセス技能尺度上では，年齢による能力差がないことが示された．

　このことから，APDL課題遂行能力を評価する際には，年齢にかかわらず課題の慣れの有無を考慮に入れる必要性が示唆された．さらに，慣れているAPDL課題においては，技能が加齢による機能低下を代償し，必ずしも日常生活能力に影響を及ぼさないことも示された．

　The purpose of this study was to compare the functional performance of young and old adults with unknown disabilities with regard to familiar and unfamiliar APDL tasks which they chose. Specifically, we examined the relation between age and motor and process skills.

　The results of repeated measuring, MANOVA, showed that both age groups differed significantly in their familiarity of the tasks, and there was a significant age difference in both task conditions. Posthoc ANOVAs revealed a significant age difference in motor skills but not in process skills. This finding suggests that age-related decline in APDL performance may be compensated by process skills. The results also support that te familiarity of the tasks has to be considered when we assess functional performance in both age groups.