基本的QOL評価尺度の開発—健常者を対象として

Development of a Basic QOL Scale: For healthy persons

要旨：QOLの構造的概念に基づいた定量的評価表(基本的QOL評価尺度，BAQL)を用い，健常者796名を対象としてその有効性について検討を加えた．その結果，内的整合性はCronbachα＝0.904を示し，また項目分析での高い相関関係(r係数p＜0.01)と，QOL得点への影響(β係数，p＜0.01)，さらには意思の反映度が65％以上あったことから，評価表としての項目構成に矛盾がなく，十分な信頼性と妥当性を有していることが証明された．一方，QOL得点が年齢依存傾向にあることが示されたことから，因子分析による因子構造では対象者による内部構造の変容が認められ，標準化にあたって年齢別基準設定の必要性が示唆された．

　We studied the validity and reliability of a Basic QOL Scale (BAQL) on the hypothesis that QOL has a structural concept. This scale contains 14 items of daily living and one evaluative item. This study involved a total of 796 persons, including 512 students, 163 teaching staff, and 121 elderly people from the general population.

　An internal consistency method showed a high score of Cronbachα; 0.904, and the item analysis showed a high score in correlation between each item (Pearson's coefficient and multiple regressionβ coefficient, p＜0. 01). This scale identified people, who expresses these feelings, to be above 65%.

　These results demonstrated validity and reliability verification. However, BAQL was somehow affected by age and showed an irregular construction in factor analysis between students, teaching staff and elderly persons. Therefore, we strongly suggest a standardization of age brackets. Each score needs some consideration of interpretation, because the basic scores differ from each other.