吃音者の持つコミュニケーションの認識についての予備的検討—テキストマイニングによる非吃音者との比較

A preliminary study of communication as perceived by people who stutter: A text mining comparison with people who do not stutter

　本研究の目的は，吃音者が持つコミュニケーションの認識についてテキストマイニングの手法により非吃音者との差異を明らかにすることである．吃音者44名と非吃音者671名を対象にコミュニケーション能力について自由記述により尋ね，抽出語の分析を行った．吃音者で748語，非吃音者で4,046語の項目が抽出され，多い順に「相手」「意志」「伝える」「会話」「理解」であった．抽出語の共起ネットワークに基づき，「相手の気持ちや意図の理解」「自分の意見や考えを他人に伝える」など7個のテーマが命名された．吃音群と非吃音群で各テーマの出現割合の比較を行うと，吃音群で「自分の意見や考えを他人に伝える」の下位語の抽出数が有意に多いことがわかった．吃音はコミュニケーションの「話す」面で支障や困難さを伴うが，このスムーズに話せない経験が吃音者の内在的な認識として本結果に反映されている可能性が示唆された．

　The purpose of this study was firstly to clarify the perceptions of “communicative competence” held by people who stutter (PWS) through the use of text mining, and secondly, to identify the differences between PWS and people who do not stutter (PWNS). A total of 44 PWS and 671 PWNS were asked about their perception of communication in an open-ended questionnaire and the extracted words were analyzed. A total of 748 words were extracted for PWS and 4,046 words for PWNS, with the most common items being “partner”, “will”, “tell”, “conversation”, and “understanding”. Based on the co-occurrence network of extracted words, seven themes were identified, including “understanding the feelings and intentions of other people” and “communicating one's opinions and thoughts to others”. Comparison of the rate of occurrence of each theme between PWS and PWNS showed that the PWS group had significantly more sub-word extractions of “communicating one's opinions and thoughts to others”. Because stuttering interferes with speech expression, it is suggested that this experience of not being able to speak smoothly could be reflected in our results as an intrinsic perception of PWS.