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要旨 本邦では,高次脳機能障害診断実態に関する支援コーディネーターに対する調査報告がほとんどないことから,現在の高次脳機能障害に関する診断実態について,臨床現場での問題点を把握することを目的に,年間約10万件の相談を受ける全国の高次脳機能障害支援拠点機関114カ所に質問紙調査を行った(回収率は73.7%).回答者は高次脳機能障害支援コーディネーターである.その結果過去5年間で,発症から高次脳機能障害診断までに困難があった来談者は1機関平均15.6人(0〜368人)で,1〜10人が約半数を占めた.困難が生じる理由として,「本人・家族が高次脳機能障害であると認識していなかった」「本人・家族は高次脳機能障害を疑ったが医師から診断基準にあたらないといわれた」がそれぞれ約30%を占めた.また,診断を受けるうえで問題だと感じたこととして,「診断できる医師が不足」が最も多く挙げられ,次いで「医療職に高次脳機能障害の知識が希薄」「行政・福祉職に高次脳機能障害の知識が希薄」であった.その他,現在の診断実態について支援者のさまざまな意見が集められ,適切な診断までに長期間かかることもあると指摘されている高次脳機能障害について,今後の課題解決の基礎資料となる調査結果と考える.
Abstract Objective:Since there are few surveys of higher brain dysfunction (HBD) support coordinators regarding HBD diagnosis in Japan, we conducted a questionnaire survey to better understand the challenges in the current clinical practices of HBD diagnosis.
Methods:Questionnaires were sent to 114 HBD support centers, handling approximately 100,000 consultations annually.
Results:The overall response rate was 73.7%.The average number of consultation seekers per center who experienced difficulties in receiving HBD diagnosis was 15.6 (range 0-368), with approximately half of the centers reporting 1-10 consultation seekers. Regarding causes, approximately 30% of respondents reported “patients or their family members were unaware that they had HBD” and “patients or their families suspected HBD but were told by their doctors that they did not meet the diagnostic criteria.” Furthermore, the most commonly reported difficulty in receiving HBD diagnosis was “a lack of doctors who could make an appropriate diagnosis,”followed by “a lack of knowledge of HBD among medical professionals” and “a lack of knowledge of HBD among administrative officers and welfare professionals.”
Conclusion:Many respondents shared their thoughts on their current diagnostic status. These results will serve as foundational material for addressing difficulties related to late HBD diagnosis.

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