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目的:不随意的喫煙と肺癌の関係はほとんどの疫学研究によって支持されているが,一部の研究者や利益団体はこれらの成績には統計的偏りの要素が完全に除外されていないことを主張している.肺癌における直接喫煙や他の因子の影響の役割に関連した剖検研究は少なく,受動的喫煙の役割に関する研究は今までに皆無である.われわれはギリシャのアテネにおいてそのような剖検に準拠した研究を行った.
設計:アテネおよびその近郊で呼吸器疾患や肺癌以外の原因で死亡して4時間以内の男女において35歳以上の400名の死亡者から剖検時に肺組織を採取した.各人において主気管支と葉気管支から少なくとも7つの組織塊を,さらに平均して約20のより小さい軟骨気管支と膜性細気管支を含む肺実質を少なくとも5つを採取した.これらの組織はそれぞれの被検者がさらされた環境の情報を前もって知らさないようにしてイタリアのトリノで検査に供した.被検者283名(71%)の気管支上皮組織の保存状態が病理的検査に満足できるものであった.さらにその中の206名(73%)の近い親類と面談を調整することができ,死亡した当人とその配偶者の喫煙習慣ならびにその他の諸条件に焦点を合わせて聴取した.面談した人は病理的検査の結果を知らされていなかった.
Objective.- The association between involuntary smoking and lung cancer has been supported by most epidemiologic studies, but a number of authors and interest groups claim that the possibility of bias has not been excluded. Few autopsy-based studies have explored the role of active smoking and other exposures in lung carcinogenesis, and none has been previously done to examine the role of passive smoking. We have undertaken such an autopsy based study in Athens, Greece.
Design.- Lung specimens were taken at autopsy from 400 person 35 years of ageor older, of both genders, who had died within 4 hours from a cause other thanrespiratory or cancer in Athens or the surrounding area. For each person at leastseven tissue blocks were taken from the main and lobar bronchi and at least fiveblocks from the parenchyma, including an average of about 20 smaller cartilaginous bronchi and membranous bronchioles. The specimens were examined with-out knowledge of the exposures of the particular subject in Turin, Italy. For 283(71%) of the subjects the preservation of the bronchial epithelium was satisfactory for pathological examination, and for 206 among them (73%) an interviewcould be arranged with their next of kin, focusing on smoking habits of thedeceased and their spouses, as well as other variables. The interviewers were notaware of the results of the pathological examinations.
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