抗炎症性サイトカインIL-10とIL-35

Anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-35

　interleukin(IL)-10は，免疫寛容の誘導・維持や過剰な免疫反応の制御に重要な抑制性サイトカインであり，病原体排除や自己免疫性反応におけるエフェクターT細胞による過剰な炎症反応の制御や，腸内細菌と腸管免疫系との共生によって保たれている腸内環境の恒常性の維持に関与している．IL-10の産生は，内在性Foxp3^＋制御性T(Treg)細胞や誘導性Treg(iTreg)，IL-10を産生するタイプ1型のTreg(Tr1)細胞，Th1細胞，Th2細胞，Th17細胞など種々の細胞で見られる．IL-35は，一番新しいサイトカインで，Treg細胞から産生され，IL-10やtransforming growth factor(TGF)-βと同様にTreg細胞の免疫抑制活性を担っているサイトカインの一つである．

Interleukin(IL)-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, which plays critical roles in induction and maintenance tolerance and control of excessive immune reaction. IL-10 limits the immune response to pathogens in certain infection and thereby prevents damage to the host. IL-10 is also essential for homeostasis of the immune system in the gastrointestinal tract by controlling the aberrant immune responeses to commensal bacteria. IL-10 is produced by many types of immune cells including naturally occurring Foxp3⁺ regulatory T(Treg)cells, inducible Treg(iTreg), IL-10-secreting type 1 Treg(Tr1)cells, Th1 cells, Th2 cells and Th17 cells. IL-35 is the newest cytokine, which is produced by Treg cells and plays a role in exertion of immune suppressive activity like IL-10 and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β