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・脳膿瘍の死亡率は5〜32%であり,脳室穿破すると50%にも達するため,臨床像と画像を併せた迅速な診断と治療が重要である.
・脳膿瘍はDWIで高信号かつADC値は0.9(×10−3 mm2/s)以下を示すことが多い.脳膿瘍以外の囊胞性病変はDWIで低信号かつADC値は2(×10−3 mm2/s)以上を示すことが多い.
・脳膿瘍の被膜がSWIで高率に低信号を示す“dual rim sign”は特異度の高い所見であり,脳腫瘍との鑑別に有用である.
Although the prognosis of brain abscesses has historically improved, the mortality rate still ranges from 5 to 32%, with ventricular perforation reaching 50% and 85-100% in fungal brain abscesses. The characteristic finding of ring-like enhancement by contrast-enhanced imaging is non-specific, and DWI, SWI and MR spectroscopy are very useful in differentiating brain abcesses from necrotizing brain tumors. Brain abscesses show apparent diffusion restriction on the DWI/apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) map, whereas necrotizing brain tumors often show a weak diffusion restriction. The “dual rim sign” on SWI is also a highly specific finding of brain abscess.
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