Japanese
English
- 有料閲覧
- Abstract 文献概要
- 1ページ目 Look Inside
- 参考文献 Reference
Ⅰ.はじめに
特発性正常圧水頭症は診療ガイドラインによる疾患概念の普及と社会の高齢化により罹病患者が増加したため,シャント術の件数は増加している.また,SINPHONI(Study of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus on Neurological Improvement)-23)において,腰部くも膜下腔—腹腔短絡術(lumbo-peritoneal shunt:L-Pシャント)は脳室—腹腔短絡術(ventriculo-peritoneal shunt:V-Pシャント)と比較して非劣性が証明された.脳に穿刺を行わないL-Pシャント術を選択する施設が増加しており,全国疫学調査5)では,V-Pシャント43.2%,L-Pシャント55.1%の施行率である.
一方,L-Pシャント腹部操作時の体位は,腰椎側手術後に側臥位から仰臥位に変更する方法2),手術台の回旋を利用した体位変換を行う方法7)が報告されている.手術台の回旋を利用した方法はドレープの交換を必要とせず,術中感染の合併症もないが患者転落の危険がある.われわれの施設でも手術台の回旋を利用した体位変換を行ってきたが,2017年8月より体位変換を行わず,側腹壁アプローチにて腹側カテーテルを留置する手術法を行っている.
今回,体位変換を行わない側腹壁アプローチによるL-Pシャントについて画像的検討を行い,その手術成績について報告する.
We reported 10 cases of lumbo-peritoneal(L-P)shunt placement using the lateral approach without repositioning. Each patient was placed in a left lateral position under general anesthesia and fixed so that the spine did not rotate. The skin incision on the flank was made at the height of the L4 vertebral body, 4 cm in the left-right direction and 3cm in front of the vertebral body. The external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominal muscles were dissected to reach the peritoneum and confirm that the intestinal tract was peristaltic below the peritoneum. The peritoneum was lifted with hooked tweezers in order to separate them from the intestinal tract, and the peritoneum was incised with a scalpel to reach the peritoneal cavity. Using a finger and a shunt passer, the ventral catheter was guided between the muscle layers.
Preoperative abdominal CT showed that all 10 kidneys in this case series were cephalic from the predicted approach route. The ascending colons of three patients were partially in contact with the predicted approach route. During surgery, a ventral catheter could be inserted in all 10 cases. Postoperative abdominal CT showed no intraperitoneal hemorrhage or invasion into the retroperitoneal cavity of the ventral catheter. During the follow-up period, no invasion into the abdominal wall or infection was observed. The average operation time was 52.2 minutes.
In order to avoid invasion into the retroperitoneal cavity, a surgical incision was performed without complications by incising the outer side of the lower abdomen and approaching via the external oblique aponeurosis.
Copyright © 2020, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.