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Intrinsic mechanisms underlying recovery from aphasia Ken Nagata 1 , Eriko Yokoyama 2 1Department of Neurol-ogy, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels 2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Akita Prefectural Medical Center for Reha-bilitation and Mental Health Keyword: aphasia , recovery , CBF , CMRO2 , PET , right hemisphere pp.781-795
Published Date 2003/10/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1431100362
  • Abstract
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 The respective contribution of the right non-dominant hemisphere and the residual areas of the damaged dominant left hemisphere in the recovery from aphasia has been a matter of discussion. We reviewed the possible intrinsic mechanisms underlying the recovery from aphasia based on clinical and experimental evidences:laterality studies in aphasics, patients with bilateral lesions, neuroimaging and brain activation studies. When the local CBF was correlated with the degree of recovery from aphasia in 25 aphasics with left-hemisphere lesion, the left prefrontal, left superior frontal, Wernicke's, left supramarginal, right transverse, and right parahippocampal corices were associated with the recovery in 12 patients with good recovery, whereas no significant relationship was observed in 13 patients with poor recovery. The stronger correlation between the Wernicke's and supramarginal cortices and good recovery suggested that preservation of the posterior language area was crucial in the favorable recovery from aphasia. The language ability evaluated earlier than 90 days after onset correlated closely with the left cortical CBF, whereas that evaluated between 90 and 180 days correlated more closely with the right cortical CBF. In the long-term follow-up study with positron emission tomography(PET)in aphasics with left-hemisphere lesion who showed some recovery from aphasia in the chronic stage, there was a gradual increase in cerebral blood flow(CBF)and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen(CMRO2)in the temporal and parietal cortices on the right hemisphere more than one year after the onset. The late increase in CMRO2in the right temporal and parietal cortices may indicate a possible compensatory role of the right hemisphere during the recovery from aphasia. In the activation study with PET in 37-year-old man who had undergone a left-hemispherectomy for the treatment of intractable seizure when he was 6 years old, the right cerebellar hemisphere, right parahippocampal and inferior temporal gyri, right cuneus, and right precentral gyri were activated during productive speech, where the right superior temporal and supramarginal gyri during automatic speech. These results confirmed a shift of the language areas from the left to the right hemisphere after the recovery from aphasia due to the left hemispherectomy. From these results, it is suggested that during the recovery from aphasia due to unilateral left-hemisphere lesion, a bilaterally re-organized language network may function more effectively than a right-hemisphere predominant compensatory activity.


Copyright © 2003, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

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電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

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