雑誌文献を検索します。書籍を検索する際には「書籍検索」を選択してください。

検索

書誌情報 詳細検索 by 医中誌

Japanese

  • Abstract
  • Look Inside

 Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus(GEFS+)is an important genetic epilepsy syndrome with autosomal dominant inheritance. A small population of patients with febrile seizures(FS)may persist beyond 6 years of age or be associated with afebrile seizures. This clinical subset of FS includes a clinical entity referred to as GEFS+. The most common phenotypes of GEFS+are FS often with afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizures(FS+). In about one third, additional generalized seizure types occur, such as absences, myoclonic, atonic seizures. However, GEFS+is genetically and clinically heterogeneous, and associated with generalized seizures and partial seizures, such as complex partial seizures, as well. The spectrum of clinical phenotypes should be expanded to include localization-related epilepsies. Therefore, we propose GEFS+be called autosomal dominant epilepsy with febrile seizure plus(ADEFS+).

 Three mutations within genes encoding subunits of neuronal voltage-gated Na+ channels have been found in ADEFS+families. A point mutation within the gene SCN1B encoding the β1 subunit of the voltage-gated Na+ channel. Mutations of the voltage-gated Na+ channel α subunit genes, SCN1A and SCN2A were also identified. These mutations interfere the ability of the subunits to modulate Na+ channel-gating kinetics, which in turn cause neuronal hyperexcitability.

 Recent studies have provided evidence thatγ2 subunit GABAA receptor is also involved in the pathogenesis of ADEFS+. K289 M mutation in the GABAA receptorγ2 subunit(GABRG2)was identified in a family with a clinical phenotype closely related to ADEFS+. Electrophysiological studies showed that mutations in GABRG2 decrease the diazepam response or GABA response of GABRG2. Since GABAA receptor exerts an inhibitory function in the CNS, dysfunction of GABAA receptor may lead to hyperexcitability of neuron.

 Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy(SMEI)is an intractable epilepsy of early childhood of unknown etiology. Interestingly, mutations in SCN1A and GABRG2 have been identified in patients with SMEI. These genetic evidences propose that SMEI might be extended spectrum of ADEFS+in phenotypes.

 Current evidences in genetic studies illustrate the hypothesis that pathogenesis of some epileptic syndromes are supposed to as a channelopathy. The further progress in epilepsy genetics reveals pathogenesis, clarifies the definition of epileptic syndromes, and generates new treatment strategies including pre-clinical prevention of the disease.


Copyright © 2003, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.

基本情報

電子版ISSN 1882-1243 印刷版ISSN 0001-8724 医学書院

関連文献

もっと見る

文献を共有