ミラーニューロンの明らかにしたもの；再考

What Mirror Neurons Have Revealed: Revisited

1992年のミラーニューロン報告から20年以上が経過し，社会的認知機能と運動制御システムの関係について多くの知見が得られてきた。しかし，それはヒトの能力に照らして考えられており，サルのミラーニューロンの機能は未だ明確ではない。本稿では，特にサルのミラーニューロンを実際に記録した研究の成果を振返り，ミラーニューロンシステム以外のミラーニューロンについても考察し，ミラーニューロンの機能を再考する。

Abstract

The first paper on mirror neurons was published in 1992. In the span of over two decades since then, much knowledge about the relationship between social cognitive function and the motor control system has been accumulated. Direct matching of visual actions and their corresponding motor representations is the most important functional property of mirror neuron. Many studies have emphasized intrinsic simulation as a core concept for mirror neurons. Mirror neurons are thought to play a role in social cognitive function. However, the function of mirror neurons in the macaque remains unclear, because such cognitive functions are limited or lacking in macaque monkeys. It is therefore important to discuss these neurons in the context of motor function. Rizzolatti and colleagues have stressed that the most important function of mirror neurons in macaques is recognition of actions performed by other individuals. I suggest that mirror neurons in the Macaque inferior pariental lobule might be correlated with body schema. In the parieto-premotor network, matching of corollary discharge and actual sensory feedback is an essential neuronal operation. Recently, neurons showing mirror properties were found in some cortical areas outside the mirror neuron system. The current work would revisit the outcomes of mirror neuron studies to discuss the function of mirror neurons in the monkey.