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A Concept of Neuromyelitis Optica in Japan Ichiro Nakashima 1 , Kazuo Fujihara 2 , Yasuto Itoyama 3 1Department of Neurology,Tohoku University School of Medicine 2Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics,Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 3National Center Hospital,National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry(NCNP) Keyword: neuromyelitis optica (NMO) , aquaporin-4 , optic-spinal form of multiple sclerosis (OSMS) , astrocyte , glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) pp.913-919
Published Date 2010/9/1
DOI https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416100744
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Abstract

 Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by relapses of optic neuritis and acute myelitis. The disease was referred to as the optic-spinal form of multiple sclerosis (OSMS) in Japan for a long period. A specific auto-antibody,NMO-IgG,was detected in the serum of NMO patients,and aquaporin-4 water channel protein was detected as its target antigen; aquaporin-4 water channel protein is localized at the end-feet of astrocytes. Because of the presence of this specific serum auto-antibody,most OSMS patients in Japan were found to exhibit a disease that was identical to NMO that affects individuals of the Western countries. Since the discovery of NMO-IgG,various clinical and histopathological features of this condition have been recognized; in addition the concept of NMO has been established in Japan as well as in many other countries


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電子版ISSN 1344-8129 印刷版ISSN 1881-6096 医学書院

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