Japanese
English
- 有料閲覧
- Abstract 文献概要
- 1ページ目 Look Inside
I.はじめに
抗生物質の導入は脳膿瘍による死亡率の著減と,その臨床病像の変化をもたらし,かつて70%に達した脳膿瘍死亡率は,現在では約20%前後に減少している1)4)11)16)18)24)27)39)。しかし,この数字が現在における脳膿瘍治療の限界を示すものであろうか。脳膿瘍の主な死因は炎症の脳室内またはくも膜下への波及,あるいは頭蓋内圧亢進によるpressure cone (herniation)の形成でありしかもBallantine, et al.3)が強調しているごとく,かかる致命的合併症は,検査ないし手術を待つている患者にかなり高率に発生している。さらに近年,脳膿瘍の臨床症状に大きな変化が見られ,従来のごとく炎症性疾患の症状を示さず,頭蓋内massとしての症状のみを有するごとき例が増加しつつあることが指摘されている13)24)。かかる現状から,診断および治療方針の再確立は重要な課題である。
われわれは,1936年以来52例の脳膿瘍患者を取扱つてきたが,今回はそのうち,抗生物質が広く用いられるようになつた1950年以降1967年6月までの脳実質内膿瘍33例を中心に,その診断,治療上の二,三の問題点について検討を加えた。なおここに含まれる症例のうち,1959年までのものは安藤ら2)によつてすでに報告されておりしたがつて症例の一部は重複している。
Even in the antibiotic era, the motality rate of brain abscess is still moderately high. In addition it is believed that brain abscess without manifesta-tions of inflammation has been more frequently encountered.
In this survey, based upon 33 patients with in-traparenchymatous abscess treated in the Neuro-surgical Service of Kyoto University Hospital from 1950 to Jun. 1967, we have intended to clarify the clinical features of brain abscess which have been seen after the introduction of antibiotics, and to dis-cuss some aspects of surgical treatments. From these analyses, following conclusions have been obtained.
( 1 ) Even with profuse use of antibiotics, gen-eral signs of inflammation such as fever and/or leucocytosis have been observed in 80% of brain abscess, especially in the age group under 40. Pleocytosis, elevated pressure and/or increased protein content of CSF have been shown in 80% of the cases.
( 2 ) Cerebral angiography has been the most useful diagnostic procedure. It reveals the exact localization of intracranial mass, as well as some characteristic features of brain abscess. Remarkable displacement of vessels, avascularity corresponding to the mass, and ring-like shell of hypervascularity have been mentioned as the characteristic angio-graphic findings of brain abscess.
( 3 ) Isotopic brain scanning and EEG have been useful as screening tests for brain abscess.
( 4 ) Early surgical intervention with complete extracapsular removal of brain abscess has been re-commended as the first choice for complete cure in this disorder.
Copyright © 1969, Igaku-Shoin Ltd. All rights reserved.