自閉スペクトラム症傾向を有する人の職場における対人関係とメンタルヘルスに関する研究—いじめ被害とそのサポートに注目して

A Study of Interpersonal Relationships and Mental Health in a Workplace for People with Autism Spectrum Tendencies:Focusing on Bullying Victimization and Support

抄録　本研究では，成人労働者254名をASD特性の指標である自閉症スペクトラム指数(AQ)得点で，AQ低群(174名)とAQ高群(80名)に分け，職場のいじめ被害とストレス反応，被害的認知，ソーシャルサポートを比較検討した。AQ高群のほうがいじめ被害を報告する割合が高かった。AQ得点に関係なく，いじめ被害を報告した人はストレス反応得点が高く，いじめ被害に関係なくAQ高群はストレス反応得点が高かった。AQ高群のほうが被害的認知の得点が高かった。AQ高群は上司サポートを得るとストレス反応が軽減すると示唆された。ASD傾向を有する人はいじめ被害に遭いやすいと推測され，いじめ解消と被害的認知の両方の検討が求められる。また上司サポートが得やすい運用整備も重要である。

　In this study, 254 adult workers were divided into two groups based on Autism-Spectrum Quotient(AQ)scores, low AQ group(174 workers)and high AQ group(80 workers), to compare workplace bullying victimization, stress reactions, victimization perceptions, and social support. The high AQ group had a higher percentage of workers reporting bullying victimization. Regardless of AQ scores, those who reported bullying victimization had higher stress reaction scores. Regardless of bullying victimization, the high AQ group had higher stress reaction scores. It was also implied that the stress reactions of the high AQ group was reduced when they received support from their supervisors.

　It is assumed that people with ASD tendencies are more likely to be victimized of bullying, but both bullying resolution and victimization perceptions need to be examined. It is also important to maintain operations to get support from superiors easily.