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7カ月前に開心術を施行した74歳男性に薬物アレルギーによる紅斑および頸部リンパ節腫脹が出現し,その後胸水貯留,発熱が加わったため入院した.入院後胸水貯留とリンパ節腫脹が増悪し,それに伴い自己免疫性溶血性貧血と特発性血小板減少症を合併したエバンス症候群が出現した.67Gaシンチグラムでは全身のリンパ節への異常集積を認めた.頸部リンパ節生検および臨床経過より免疫芽球性リンパ節症(IBL)と診断し,プレドニゾロンによる治療を行った.治療により解熱し,腫脹したリンパ節も縮小するにしたがいエバンス症候群の改善を認め,同時に胸水も減少した.
IBLに胸水を合併することは稀だが,胸水の性状,治療に対する反応より本症例における胸水はIBLの一病変と考えられた.IBLが開心術後に発症したという報告があり,本症例も発症に開心術が関与していた可能性があると思われた.
A 74-year-old male patient, who had undergone aorto -coronary bypass surgery and mitral valve replacement 7 months before admission, showed neck lymphadeno-pathy and pleural effusion after the appearance of tiar-amide sulfate-induced eruption. After admission, the patient's lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion wor-sened in association with Evan's syndrome and the combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura. Eventually, in-domethacin farnecil-induced eruption appeared again. 67Ga scintigram showed an abnormal uptake in general-ized lymph nodes. Histopathological examination obtained from a neck lymph node showed the effacement of lymph node architecture with invasion of the capsule, but with retention of the subcapsular sinus space and plenty of small arborizing blood vessels associated with cellular infiltrate composed primarily of immunoblasts. These findings revealed immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL). After administration of predonisolon, neck and axillary lymphadenopathy re-gressed. Furthermore, pleural effusion decreased in vol-ume in accordance with the disappearance of the fever and the improvement of the abnormal laboratory findings such as anemia and thrombocytopenia.
There have been few reports of pleural effusion as-sociated with IBL. The pleural effusion shown in this report decreased in volume due to the prednisolon ther-apy, which was effective for fever, lymphadenopathy and Evans' syndrome. This evidence has shown that the pleural effusion was caused by the pleuritis, one of the IBL involvements. Recently, a case of IBL associated with valve replacement surgery has been reported. The onset of IBL in the present case might be also be related to open heart surgery.
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