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要旨●背景:食道胃接合部(EGJ)腺癌の術前組織型診断精度は明らかでない.ME-NBIによる術前組織型診断能,生検による術前組織型診断能をそれぞれ検討した.方法:EGJ腺癌114例116病変を対象とした.組織型を純分化型,純未分化型,組織混在型(分化型優位),組織混在型(未分化型優位)に分類し,術前のME-NBIによる組織型診断,生検による組織型診断と切除標本組織型の一致率をそれぞれ検討した.また,切除標本中の粘膜内未分化型癌成分の有無と粘膜下層(SM)浸潤率の相関について検討した.結果:各組織型別一致率は純分化型〔ME-NBI:99.0%(102/103)vs. 生検:98.1%(101/103),n.s.)〕,組織混在型(分化型優位)〔ME-NBI:66.7%(8/12)vs. 生検:16.7%(2/12),p<0.05)〕,組織混在型(未分化型優位)〔ME-NBI:0%(0/1)vs. 生検:0%(0/1),n.s.)〕であった.SM浸潤率は未分化型癌成分(+)群のほうが,未分化型癌成分(−)群より有意に高かった〔(76.9%(10/13)vs. 16.5%(17/103),p<0.001)〕.結論:純分化型病変はME-NBI,生検,いずれのモダリティでも高精度な術前組織型診断ができた.一方,組織混在型病変については,ME-NBIのほうが生検より組織型診断一致率が有意差を持って高かった.このことから,ME-NBIで詳細に観察し,適切な生検部位を選定した上で採取する必要があると言える.また,切除標本中に粘膜内未分化型癌成分が含まれると有意にSM浸潤率が高かった結果も踏まえると,術前に詳細な組織型診断をすることが重要であると考えられた.
Background:The accuracy of the histological-type diagnosis of EGJA(esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma)is not clear. We aimed to clarify the pretreatment histological-type diagnostic abilities of ME-NBI(magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging)and biopsy.
Methods:We enrolled 114 patients with 116 EGJA lesions. Histological types were classified as DT(differentiated type), UDT(undifferentiated type), D-MT(DT-predominant mixed type), and UD-MT(UDT-predominant mixed type). The pretreatment diagnostic abilities of ME-NBI and biopsy for each histological type were examined. We also determined the correlation between the presence or absence of undifferentiated components in resected specimens and the SM(submucosal)invasion rate.
Results:The diagnostic abilities for each histological type were as follows:DT(ME-NBI:99.0%[102/103]vs. biopsy:98.1%[101/103], n.s.), D-MT(ME-NBI:66.7%[8/12]vs. biopsy:16.7%[2/12], p<0.05), and UD-MT(ME-NBI:0%[0/1]vs. biopsy:0%[0/1], n.s.). The SM invasion rate was significantly higher in the UD-type group than in the group without the UD type(76.9%[10/13]vs. 16.5%[17/103], p<0.001).
Conclusion:Pretreatment diagnosis with ME-NBI and biopsy was possible with high accuracy for DT.
For mixed-tissue lesions, ME-NBI had a higher histological-type diagnosis concordance than biopsy. Therefore, it is necessary to observe ME-NBI in detail and select an appropriate biopsy site. Also, the pretreatment histological-type diagnosis is important because the SM invasion rate is significantly higher with the UD type in resected specimens.
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