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要旨●本邦では,食道癌の組織型は大半が扁平上皮癌である.しかし頻度的には少ないながら種々の組織型があり,これらは特殊型とも呼称される.腫瘍形態では隆起が主体,粘膜下発育など色調でも特徴的な所見を呈するものもが多く,また扁平上皮癌に比べて極めて予後不良とされる組織型も含まれる.これら特殊組織型とされる食道悪性腫瘍では,内視鏡所見や臨床病理学的な特徴を熟知しての適切な診断・治療が必要である.
In Japan, although there are other histopathological types of esophageal cancers, the most common type is squamous cell carcinoma. These are also called esophagus cancer of special histopathologic type among the specialists of esophageal diseases.
The tumor type is mainly characterized as per the tumor protruding and submucosal growth ; several tumors show characteristic findings in terms of tumor color. Certain histopathological types have a very poor prognosis than squamous cell carcinoma.
Differential diagnosis using endoscopic findings is important in esophagus cancer of special histopathologic type. In addition, it is necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment with knowledge of the clinicopathological features.
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