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要旨●胃の上皮性腫瘍性病変の鑑別に有用な免疫染色法について,Ki-67とp53染色,形質発現を知るための分化マーカー染色,特殊型胃癌の染色,その他の重要な免疫染色の順に解説した.Ki-67とp53の染色ではその結果を過信せず,p53蛋白は領域性に強陽性を示すもののみ診断的価値がある.分化マーカーの発現に基づいた胃腫瘍の形質発現の解釈は,胃上皮の多分化能と腫瘍内多様性をよく理解したうえで行いたい.これらの免疫染色は一般型の胃癌や腺腫の診断では必須ではないが,特殊型胃癌の診断や転移性癌との鑑別には免疫染色による確認が必要となる.そのほか,胃腫瘍の診断に有用で一般の病理検査室で施行できる免疫染色について紹介する.
In this study, we reviewed useful IHC(immunohistochemical methods)for the differential diagnosis of epithelial tumors of the stomach. Results for Ki-67 and p53 staining should not be overestimated, and regional and strong positivity of p53 staining is of diagnostic significance. Phenotypic classification of gastric epithelial neoplasms using various differentiation markers should be performed after understanding the multi-potentiality of the gastric epithelium and tumor heterogeneity. Although IHC is not routinely performed in the diagnosis of common types of gastric carcinoma, it is important and necessary to diagnose special types of gastric carcinoma or metastatic tumors in the stomach. We also explained some other useful IHC stains.
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