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要旨 EUSによる正常胃壁の基本層構造と早期胃癌深達度診断の基本について述べ,さらに,潰瘍合併早期胃癌のEUS深達度診断能について検討した.過去5年間に当センターで切除された早期胃癌1,826病変のうち,EUSが施行された636病変の描出不良率は11.5%(73病変)であり,描出不良率はL領域で高かった.描出不良例を除いたUL(+)型早期胃癌188病変で,EUSによる深達度診断能を検討したところ,UL(+)IIc型ではpM~SM1,pSM2で90.6%,67.6%,IIc+III型ではpM~SM1,pSM2で80%,60%の正診率であった.また,潰瘍合併早期胃癌は内視鏡治療の難易度が高く,ESDによる一括切除率は適応病変と比べ有意に低かった.術前のEUSにより,深達度のみならず,ULの深さを診断することが可能であり,術者の選択に有用であると考えられた.
We evaluated the ability of EUS(endoscopic ultrasonography)for diagnosing the depth of invasion of early gastric cancer. Among 636lesions that we studied by EUS, 73lesions(11.5%)were unable to present clear images. Furthermore, the number of lesions that can present only poor EUS images was especially high in the L region.
Among 188early gastric cancer lesions with ulceration, the accuracy of diagnosis by EUS were as follows ; 90.6% in type IIc lesions whose depths were pM~SM1, 61.8% in type IIc lesions whose depths were pSM2, 80% in type IIc+III lesions whose depths were pM~SM1, 60% in type IIc+III lesions whose depths were pSM2.
It is difficult to perform ESD for early gastric cancers with ulceration. So, the rate of en bloc resection for early gastric cancers with ulceration is lower than that of the guideline lesions. EUS is useful for diagnosing the depth of invasion and the depth of ulceration. Therefore, EUS is useful for choosing the operator of ESD for early gastric cancers with ulceration.
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