新型コロナウイルス感染症流行下における教員を模擬患者とした老年看護学実習に対する看護学生の捉え

Nursing Students' Perception of a Gerontological Nursing Training Practicum with Faculty Members as Simulated Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic

抄録

　新型コロナウィルス感染症流行下において臨地実習の代替実習として行った教員を模擬患者とした学内老年看護学実習の実習方法に対する看護学生の捉えを明らかにすることを目的とした．令和3年6〜7月に学内実習を経験した看護学生14人にグループインタビューを実施し，質的帰納的方法で分析し，カテゴリー化し，3つのテーマに分類した．結果，学生はすべて女子学生であり，学生の捉えは教員を模擬患者としたロールプレイの実施方法に関して【臨場感のあるロールプレイ】【実践を反復・改善できるロールプレイ】など5カテゴリー，カンファレンス・デブリーフィングの実施方法に関して【多様な実践の共有】【有益なカンファンレンス】など3カテゴリー，学習環境に関して【ゆとりのある実習計画】など4カテゴリーの全12カテゴリーであった．学生は，臨地実習に近い環境のなかで高齢者の特徴を熟知した教員を模擬患者とした学内実習の方法を肯定的に捉えていた．またカンファレンス・デブリーフィングの実施方法および学習環境をおおむね肯定的に捉えており，学内実習だからこその利点が明らかになった．一方で，多職種や家族と関わる機会をつくることや臨地実習指導者と連携することなどの改善すべき課題があることが示唆された．

　During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, an on-campus gerontological nursing training practicum with faculty members simulating patients was conducted as an alternative to an on-site clinical training practicum. This study aimed to evaluate this practicum and identify the nursing students' perceptions regarding this method of training practicum. A group interview was conducted with 14 female nursing students who had participated in the abovementioned practicum between June and July 2021. Nursing students' perceptions about the practicum were extracted from the narrative and categorized into three themes after qualitative inductive analysis. Analysis revealed the following twelve categories: five categories for the theme of Role-playing practice methods including “Realistic role-play” and “Role-play to repeat and improve practice”; three categories for the theme of Practical methods about conferences and debriefing including “Sharing of diverse practices” and “Beneficial case conferences”; and four categories for the theme of Learning environment including “Flexible practice plan.” The nursing students had a positive view of the on-campus nursing training practicum because the faculty members were familiar with the characteristics of the elderly. Practical methods about conferences and debriefing and the learning environment were generally viewed positively, and the advantages of the on-campus nursing training practicum became clear. However, the findings suggested that some aspects need improvement, such as how to create opportunities to interact with various medical/welfare professionals and families and how to cooperate with clinical instructors.