インスリン自己注射を行っている糖尿病患者の負担感に影響を与える要因

Factors influencing the sense of burden in diabetic patients taking insulin injections

　インスリン注射を行っている糖尿病患者の負担感に影響を与える要因を明らかにするため，外来通院中の患者に質問紙法を用いた調査を行った．分析対象は284名．質問項目は，年齢，性別，病歴，HbA1c，BMI，病型，血糖測定方法，仕事の有無，同居人数，セルフケア行動で，糖尿病負担感はPAIDで評価した．糖尿病負担感とそれぞれの質問項目との関連について重回帰分析を行った．その結果，糖尿病負担感に最も影響する要因は，性別（女性）（β＝0.191，p＝0.002）であった．特に，仕事をしていない女性，配偶者と同居している女性，親と同居していない女性の負担感が大きいことが明らかになった．男女は，生物学的，心理社会的に異なるため，療養支援においては，性差を考慮した関わりが重要であり，女性糖尿病患者へは，少しでも負担感を軽減できるような支援が必要であると考えられる．

　To determine the factors that influence the sense of burden among patients with diabetes receiving insulin, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted among patients attending an outpatient clinic. The subjects were 284 patients. The questions included age, sex, HbA1c, body mass index（BMI）, disease type, method of measuring blood glucose, work status, number of people living together, and self-care behavior. The diabetes burden was assessed using the problem areas in diabetes survey（PAID）. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the association between the diabetes burden and each of the questionnaire items. Results showed that the factor that most influenced the sense of diabetes burden was sex（female）（β＝0.191, p＝0.002）. Women who were not working and those who lived with their spouses and do not live with their parents had a greater sense of burden. Men and women differ biologically, psychologically, and socially. It is important for medical care providers to consider sex differences in patient involvement. Support for women with diabetes should be provided to reduce their sense of burden.