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要旨:認知症高齢者に色カルタ・クオリアゲームⓇを笑顔なし(A期)と笑顔あり(B期)で実施したときの影響を笑顔の表出と社会的交流技能を指標としたシングルケーススタディ(ABABデザイン)により検証した.笑顔の表出は1A期に比べ1B期で有意に増加したが,2B期では有意な増加は認められなかった.一方,社会的交流技能は1A期・2A期に比べ1B期・2B期ともに有意に増加した.結果の要因には,情動的共感と認知的共感が関与すると推察した.肯定的態度の笑顔で実施する色カルタは,対象者の笑顔を増やすだけでなく,社会的交流の促進につながり,活動の効果に影響することが示唆された.
This case study investigated smiling and social interaction skills using an index ABAB design during the Irokaruta Qualia Game (Irokaruta) in an elderly person with dementia. The Irokaruta Qualia Game functioned as a communication tool to elicit no smile (A period) or a smile (B period). Smiling significantly increased in the 1B period compared to the 1A period, but a meaningful increase in smiling was not recognized in the 2B period. On the other hand, the social interaction skills significantly increased for both the 1B and 2B periods compared to the 1A and 2A periods. The results suggest that emotional sympathy and cognitive sympathy increased the smiles of the client, and playing Irokaruta encouraged smiling, a positive attitude, and social interaction.

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