ひきこもりからの回復プロセスと支援の在り方に関する質的研究—10年のひきこもりを経て対人援助職として勤務する人の語りから

Recovery process from social withdrawal and approaches to support: Qualitative research of a welfare worker's narrative after 10 years of social withdrawal

要旨：本研究の目的はひきこもりの回復過程を明らかにし，主観的体験を重視した支援を考察することである．ひきこもり経験がある対人援助職従事者1名にインタビューし，Steps for Coding and Theorizationで質的に分析した．ひきこもりの契機は進路選択の機会を逃したことであり，ゲームに没頭してひきこもりが長期化した．自己内界の恒常性が揺らぐ外的きっかけが生じ，自己の状態に直面化したことで行動変容を決意し，対人援助職に就くという目標を持ったことで回復していった．回復過程では伴走支援者の存在が不可欠であった．以上から，将来への希望や目標を齎すような伴走型支援の必要性が示唆された．

　This study interviewed a welfare worker who experienced social withdrawal and explored support options based on the process of recovery from social withdrawal, with an emphasis on subjective experiences. Interview transcripts were analyzed using the Steps for Coding and Theorization method. The subject missed opportunities to choose a career which triggered prolonged social withdrawal as the interviewee dedicated himself to computer games. The interviewee became fearful of death after an earthquake and then decided to change his behavior. At that time, anxiety was triggered, and the goal of becoming a welfare worker simultaneously emerged, leading to the interviewee's recovery. The presence of a supporter as a guide and companion over several years is essential for the recovery process and for raising hopes for the future.