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要旨
目的:小児期にてんかんを発症した成人における就労と精神症状に関する文献を分析し研究の動向と今後の移行期支援の課題を明らかにする.
方法:データベースはPubMed,CINAHL,医中誌Webを使用し,文献選定基準は対象者に小児期発症てんかん患者が含まれ,精神症状と就労に関する記述がある文献とした.
結果:分析対象文献は27件であった.精神症状併発と就労との間に有意な関連がみられた文献は4件,関連がないと示された文献は4件であり,文献により矛盾した結果であった.また患者のQuality of Lifeには精神症状の併発,就労状況,発作頻度,抗てんかん薬の副作用が関連していた.グループセッションと看護師からの電話連絡を含んだ介入は精神症状改善の効果も示されていた.
結論:今後,就労でのネガティブな経験について定性的研究や移行期からのストレス対処及びセルフマネジメントの準備性に関する研究が求められる.
Objective: To review the literature on employment and psychiatric comorbidities in adults with childhood-onset epilepsy and to investigate study trends and challenges in transition support.
Methods: Databases utilized included PubMed, CINAHL, and Ichushi WEB. The inclusion criteria for literature selection required that the subjects be patients with childhood-onset epilepsy and that the literature describe psychiatric symptoms and employment.
Results: A total of 27 pieces of literature were analyzed. Four studies indicated a significant association between psychiatric symptom comorbidity and employment, whereas four studies reported no association, presenting contradictory results across the literature. Furthermore, patients' quality of life was correlated with the presence of psychiatric symptoms, employment status, seizure frequency, and side effects of antiepileptic drugs. Intervention research indicates that group sessions and telephone contact with nurses are effective in alleviating psychiatric symptoms.
Conclusion: There is a need for qualitative research on negative experiences at work and on readiness to cope with stress and self-management during the transition period.
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