小児対象病棟に勤務する看護師の病棟の患児に対する口腔アセスメントの実態とその関連要因の検討

Status of Nurses' Oral Assessment Performances and the Associated Factors in Pediatric-Related Hospital Wards

要旨

　目的：小児対象病棟に勤務する看護師の患児に対する口腔アセスメントの実態とその関連要因を明らかにし，普及を図る上での示唆を得る．

　方法：6大学病院の小児病棟，NICU・GCUに勤務する看護師を対象に，口腔アセスメントの実施に関する自記式質問紙調査を実施した．分析は，記述統計，相関分析及び2項ロジスティック回帰分析を行った．

　結果：看護師380名に配布し，280名の回答が得られた．観察部位別の口腔アセスメントの実施率は，小児病棟では，39.3％〜97.9％，NICU・GCUでは，5.8％〜94.2％であった．口腔アセスメントは，口腔アセスメントに関する知識・自信・情報の必要性の認識，歯科医療従事者との連携，環境因子として歯学部併設の有無と関連していた．

　結論：小児病棟では，口腔アセスメントの知識，自信を高める教育を図る事．NICU・GCUでは口腔アセスメントの情報を提供する事が実施率改善に寄与する可能性が示唆された．

　Objective: This study aimed to investigate the status of nurses' oral assessment performances and associated factors in pediatric-related hospital wards to determine their oral assessment performances.

　Method: A self-administered questionnaire regarding oral assessment performance was distributed among the nurses working at pediatric wards, neonatal intensive care units(NICU), and growing care units(GCU) in six hospitals. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and binomial logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis.

　Results: Of 380 nurses who received the questionnaire, 280 nurses responded(response rate: 73.6%). The percentages of oral assessment performance based on the site of observation were 39.3%-97.9% in pediatric wards and 5.8%-94.2% in NICU/GCU. The associated factors included knowledge and confidence regarding oral assessment, willingness to acquire information regarding oral assessment, collaboration with dental health professionals, and the presence of an affiliated dental hospital as an environmental factor.

　Conclusion: It was suggested that education to increase knowledge, confidence, and NICU/GCU awareness of oral assessment in pediatric wards may contribute to improved implementation rates.