病院に勤務する看護師の離職意思と職業経験の質および個人特性の関連

Quality of Occupational Experience and Personal Characteristics in Association With Nurse Turnover Intentions Among Nurses Working in Hospital

要旨

　目的：病院に勤務する看護師の離職意思に与える職業経験の質および個人特性の影響を明らかにする．

　方法：病院に勤務する看護師279名を分析対象とした．離職意思，個人特性，看護職者の職業経験の質尺度を用いたWebアンケートで調査した．分析は離職意思「ある群」と「なし群」の2群に分け，記述統計，単変量解析を行ない，その後離職意思を目的変数，個人特性および看護職者の職業経験の質尺度の6つの下位尺度を説明変数として多重ロジスティック回帰分析を実施した．

　結果：離職意思には「30代」，「40代」，「介護のあり」が有意な正の関連を，「子あり」，「仕事を続ける中で，自分に合った日常生活を築く経験」が有意な負の関連を示した．

　結論：病院に勤務する看護師の離職対策には，看護管理者が看護師に対して個々の課題を克服できるように支援し，「仕事を続ける中で，自分に合った日常生活を築く経験」を積み上げられるように働きかけることが重要と示唆された．

　Aim: To determine the effects of the quality of occupational experience and personal characteristics on turnover intentions among nurses working in hospitals.

　Methods: The study analyzed 279 nurses working in an acute care hospital. A web-based questionnaire was used to determine turnover intention, personal characteristics, and quality of occupational experience of nurses. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis were conducted. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted using turnover intention as the objective variable and personal characteristics and six subscales of the quality of occupational experience scale as explanatory variables.

　Results: In their thirties, in their forties, and having a caregiver were significantly positively related to turnover intention, while having a child and experience in building a personal daily life while continuing to work were significantly negatively related.

　Conclusion: Nursing managers should support nurses in overcoming individual challenges. They should also help nurses gain "experience in building a daily life that suits them as they continue to work" to prevent nurse turnover in hospitals.