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Intraoperative Blood Pressure and the Risks of Ischemic Stroke and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders Rio ODA 1 , Ryuichi OKIJI 1 , Yuki FUJIYOSHI 1 , Asuka KOMATSU 1 , Sonoe KITAMURA 1 , Seiji HIROTA 1 , Takashi KAWANO 1 1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kochi Medical School Keyword: intraoperative blood pressure , ischemic stroke , perioperative neurocognitive disorder , postoperative delirium , cerebral perfusion pp.488-496
Published Date 2026/7/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.18916/masui.2026070008

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  • Abstract
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 Intraoperative blood pressure(BP)management is one of the most critical responsibilities of anesthesiologists, as BP directly determines systemic oxygen delivery and cerebral perfusion. The brain, with its high metabolic demand and limited autoregulatory reserve, is particularly vulnerable to reductions in perfusion pressure. Intraoperative hypotension, even when transient, has been linked to ischemic stroke and perioperative neurocognitive disorders(PND), including postoperative delirium and delayed cognitive recovery. Observational studies and meta-analyses indicate that exposure to a mean arterial pressure(MAP)value below 60-65mmHg, as well as excessive BP variability, increases neurological risks. Importantly, not only overt stroke but also covert stroke and subtle cognitive decline are increasingly recognized as clinically relevant. The underlying mechanisms are multifactorial, involving hypoperfusion, embolism, systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, anesthetic depth, and postoperative factors such as pain and sleep disturbance. Preventive strategies should not rely solely on BP optimization;rather, they should be integrated into multimodal perioperative care. These strategies include individualized BP targets, invasive and noninvasive cerebral monitoring, early rehabilitation, and multidisciplinary interventions such as structured delirium-prevention programs. A comprehensive approach that stabilizes BP, preserves cerebral perfusion, and addresses systemic contributors is essential to protect brain function and improve long-term cognitive outcomes in surgical patients.


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電子版ISSN 印刷版ISSN 0021-4892 克誠堂出版

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