頭痛診療の進歩と今後の展望

Advances in Headache and Future Prospects

脳神経内科医が診療する中で，頭痛は最も多く遭遇する疾患の1つであるが，患者の苦痛にもかかわらず，一次性頭痛の片頭痛は生命に危険が及ぶわけでもなく，検査も異常がないので鎮痛薬などでやり過ごすことが多かった。しかし，CGRP関連抗体製剤の登場により，片頭痛治療も変化し始めている。いまだに多くの片頭痛患者が医療機関を受診せず，適切な治療を受けていない。今後，頭痛医療をさらに推進していく必要がある。

Abstract

Headache is the most common condition encountered in neurological practice. However, despite the burden to patients, migraine, a typical primary headache, is not life-threatening, and evaluation shows no abnormalities; therefore, it is often treated using analgesics. Moreover, patients often do not visit hospitals and clinics because over-the-counter analgesics, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are easily available. However, many patients continue to experience headaches. Migraine therapy has progressed remarkably following the advent of calcitonin gene-related peptide antibody drugs in recent years. Many patients with migraine do not visit hospitals and clinics and do not receive appropriate treatment. Therefore, in the future, neurologists will need to play a key role in patient education and in training physicians to enable accurate diagnosis of headaches.