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はじめに
2017年4月,国立大学附属病院再開発整備に伴い,香川大学医学部附属病院の手術室が従来の10室から12室へ増設された。しかし,手術室増室によって手術件数の増加が見込まれるものの,スタッフや設備の拡充を図らなければ,周術期管理の質担保が困難となることが懸念されていた。そこで,手術室中央フロアに麻酔後回復室(postanesthesia care unit:PACU)を開設し,急変リスクの高い手術直後の患者を集約して管理することで,患者安全性の向上を図る計画が立案された。そして,2017年11月より周術期管理の質向上,手術室の運用効率化ならびに周術期医療の安全性の向上を目的として,PACUの運用が開始された。
本論文では当院におけるPACUの概要を紹介するとともに,PACUにおける早期術後痛管理がもたらす効果ならびに手術室運用効率の指標としての患者入れ換え時間(turnover time:前症例の手術終了から次症例の患者入室までの時間)におよぼす影響について,当院のデータをもとに報告する。
To improve the perioperative care quality and operating room(OR)efficiency at Kagawa University Hospital, a post-anesthesia care unit(PACU)was introduced in November 2017. The PACU consists of six postoperative beds and two pre-anesthesia beds, located at the center of the OR floor. The structure and operation of our PACU are described in this study, which evaluated the impacts of the PACU on early postoperative pain management and OR turnover time.
We retrospectively analyzed cases of patients who underwent a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty before and after the PACU’s implementation. Postoperative pain scores and analgesic intervensions were compared between the groups. In the PACU group, 33% of the patients required analgesic intervention within 30 min postoperatively, despite reporting minimal pain at emergence from surgery. Early pain control in the PACU reduced the hospital’s ward-based analgesic needs and improved the patients’ pain scores on the first postoperative day.
However, no significant reduction in the overall OR turnover time was observed. Only the in-room observation time after extubation was shortened.
These results indicate that our PACU enables accurate early assessments and interventions and improves the quality of postoperative analgesia. However, the presence of a PACU alone does not improve an OR’s efficiency. Further workflow optimization, including the optimization of patient setup and patient transport, is needed.

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