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Perioperative Allergy and Anaphylaxis Tomonori TAKAZAWA 1 1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Toyama Keyword: mast cell , basophil , degranulation , tryptase , histamine pp.554-561
Published Date 2025/9/10
DOI https://doi.org/10.18916/masui.2025090005
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 Anesthesia is used for the surgery of approx. 230 million patients each year worldwide, and approx. 7 million of these surgeries involve severe complications. Perioperative anaphylaxis remains a critical surgery-related challenge due to its unpredictable and potentially fatal nature. In response, the Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists(JSA)published the Practical Guide for Perioperative Anaphylaxis Management in 2021, seeking to improve clinical responses to anaphylaxis.

 The Japanese Epidemiologic Study for Perioperative Anaphylaxis(JESPA)investigated the incidence and causative agents of perioperative anaphylaxis in Japan. Its results indicated that the drugs which are the most frequently involved in cases of perioperative anaphylaxis are rocuronium, cefazolin, and sugammadex. The symptoms that are commonly observed in patients with perioperative anaphylaxis are hypotension, bronchospasm, and skin manifestations, but there is individual variability in organ involvement that remains unexplained.

 A significant challenge in Japan is the lack of insurance coverage for key diagnostic tests for perioperative anaphylaxis, such as serum tryptase measurement. The shortage of specialists in drug-induced anaphylaxis also contributes to the difficulty in achieving an accurate diagnosis. The JSA encourages anesthesiologists to perform skin testing for better causative identification. Alternative neuromuscular blocking agents(NMBAs)are not approved for use in Japan, and this also limits management options. Future efforts should focus on revising national guidelines, expanding access to diagnostic testing, and introducing alternative NMBAs in order to improve the management of perioperative anaphylaxis.


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電子版ISSN 印刷版ISSN 0021-4892 克誠堂出版

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