COVID-19パンデミックに対応した福祉施設管理者の体験

Experiences of Welfare Managers in Response to The COVID-19 Pandemic

要旨

　目的：COVID-19パンデミックに対応した福祉施設管理者の体験を明らかにすることを目的とした．

　方法：7施設の福祉施設管理者8名を対象に半構造化面接を実施し，質的記述的分析を行った．

　結果：36のカテゴリと109のサブカテゴリが抽出された．研究参加者は，人的・物的な医療資源のない自施設で未曽有の感染症に果敢に対処していた．不安・緊張を抱える中，組織内のスタッフと情報共有を密にし，勤務体制の再編成を行い，支援の優先度を見極めつつ障害特性に応じた対応を工夫しながら，本人・家族への支援を続けていた．そこでは，従前からの組織内の関係性や対策，さらに一般社会との相互作用も影響しており，とくに地域の医療との協力は必須であった．

　結論：緊急時でも支援を継続させるためには，平時から組織内で情報共有を密にし，業務の優先順位を整理しておくことが重要であると示唆された．またパンデミックを乗り越えるには医療との協働は不可欠であり，看護支援のニーズが高いことが示唆された．

　Purpose: We aimed to clarify the experiences of welfare managers in Japan in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

　Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with eight welfare managers as participants from seven welfare facilities in Japan. Thereafter, we performed qualitative descriptive analysis of their responses.

　Results: Thirty-six categories and 109 subcategories were extracted. The participants have steadfastly coped with the COVID-19 pandemic in their own welfare facilities despite the absence of medical staff and healthcare resources. Although the participants had multilayered anxieties and distress about COVID-19, they continued to provide uninterrupted support to service users and their families depending on the disabilities, while sharing information with the facility staff, reorganizing the work system, and organizing priorities for support. In addition to the existing relationships and measures within the facility, the interaction with the general public had an impact on service provision. In particular, cooperation with local medical services was essential.

　Conclusion: It appears to be important to share information, prioritize tasks, and take measures against infection and mental health within the organization in order to provide continuous support even in an emergency. Moreover, we consider it essential for welfare managers in Japan to collaborate with medical care to overcome to COVID-19 pandemic. Nursing support is crucially needed.