教職員に対する児童の急変対応の不安軽減プログラムの開発と評価

Implementation and Evaluation of a Basic Life Support and Anaphylaxis Treatment Program on Anxiety Reduction for Faculty Members at Elementary Schools

要旨

　目的：学校教職員に対する児童の一次救命処置とエピペンの使用に関する不安軽減を目指し，急変対応の不安軽減プログラムの開発と評価を行う．

　方法：小学校教職員に対して急変対応の不安軽減プログラムを開発し実施した．プログラム内容は学校管理下の心停止の実際，死戦期呼吸等であった．介入前後調査により，急変対応の不安，知識を対応のあるt検定を用いて比較した．

　結果：239人に有効回答を得た．急変対応の不安は25.7±4.8点から18.6±5.6点に有意に減少し（p = .000），急変対応の知識は2.7±1.5点から4.5±1.0点に有意に増加した（p = .000）．プログラムの活用度，満足度は，72.8％の対象者が高く評価した．

　結論：プログラムにより急変対応の不安が軽減し，急変対応の知識が増加した．満足度，活用度の評価が高く，実用可能性のあるプログラムであることが示唆された．

　Aims: To evaluate a basic life support and an anaphylaxis treatment program for reducing the anxiety and acute health deterioration of faculty members at elementary schools as an anxiety alleviation program through the assessment of its implementation process and outcome.

　Methods: A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was used to evaluate the scores of anxiety and knowledge of basic life support and anaphylaxis treatment before and after attending the intervention program. We developed a program comprising resuscitation from cardiac arrest, agonal respiration, and preventing an anaphylactic reaction for faculty members at elementary schools. Analysis was performed using a t-test.

　Results: Valid responses were obtained from 239 participants. The participants' anxiety scores significantly decreased after attending the intervention program from 25.7 ± 4.8 to 18.6 ± 5.6 (p = .000). The knowledge scores significantly increased from 2.7 ± 1.5 to 4.5 ± 1.0 (p = .000). The majority of the participants (72.8%) showed a high satisfaction rate and were in agreement with the expected utilization of the program.

　Conclusions: The basic life support and anaphylaxis treatment program for reducing the anxiety had high utilization and satisfaction rates among the faculty members at the elementary schools evaluated, suggesting the feasibility of the program.