妊婦および褥婦の終夜睡眠―睡眠の主観的評価と睡眠ポリグラフ所見

Nocturnal Sleep During Pregnancy and Postpartum Periods：The Relationship Between Subjective Evaluation and Polygraphic Findings

要約

　本研究は，妊婦および褥婦の睡眠の主観的評価と睡眠ポリグラフ所見との間の関連性を明らかにすること，および妊婦各期と産褥早期の睡眠推移を明らかにすることを目的に終夜睡眠を分析した．

　妊婦11週～37週までの正常妊婦7例と，産褥1週～7週までの正常褥婦4例を対象とし，終夜睡眠をポリグラフ装置で連続3夜測定した．睡眠段階はRechtshaffen ＆ Kalesの判定基準を用いた．対照群として健康な非妊期の女性4例を選び，測定した．

　その結果，主観的な睡眠深度経過では，前半単相性パターンと前半多相性パターンとに分かれ，ポリグラフ所見との間に関係が認められた．睡眠パラメータでは，妊婦群が非妊婦群に比べて睡眠率が低く，特に末期群では眠りが浅くなっていた．産褥早期には，妊娠末期よりさらに睡眠率が低かったが，妊婦末期に比べて%S4は増加の傾向が認められた．

Abstract

　This study was undertaken to find out the relationship between subjective evaluation on sleep and nocturnal polygraphic findings in women during pregnancy and postpartum periods, and also to detect the changes of sleep patterns during those periods.

　Seven women in 11 to 37 weeks of pregnancy and four in 1 to 7 weeks of post-partum period were studied. Four non-pregnant healthy women selected as a control group. Nocturnal sleep recordings included EEG, EOG, EMG, and ECG. The data were recorded during three consecutive nights,and sleep records were scored according to the criteria outlined by Rechtshaffen ＆ Kales. The data on subjective evaluation were collected by using a questionnaire.

　It was found that two types of subjective evaluation of sleep among the subjects; one was a mono-phasic pattern, and the other was a multi-phasic pattern. In the women with a mono-phasic type, the polygraphic findings showed normal sleep pattern.

　The sleep efficiciency rate of the pregnant group, especially in the third trimester, was lower and the sleep was poor than that of the non-pregnant group, The sleep efficiency rate in the early postpartum period was further lower than that in the third trimester of pregnancy, though%S4 increased.